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In this tutorial, we will learn handling Keyboard and Mouse Event in Selenium Webdriver
Action Class in Selenium Handling Keyboard & Mouse EventsIn this tutorial, we will learn handling Keyboard and Mouse Event in Selenium Webdriver
Handling special keyboard and mouse events are done using the Advanced User Interactions API. It contains the Actions and the Action classes that are needed when executing these events. The following are the most commonly used keyboard and mouse events provided by the Actions class.
Method Description
dragAndDrop(source, target)
Parameters:
source- element to emulate button down at.
target- element to move to and release the mouse at.
dragAndDropBy(source, x-offset, y-offset)
Parameters:
source- element to emulate button down at.
xOffset- horizontal move offset.
yOffset- vertical move offset.
keyDown(modifier_key)
Parameters:
modifier_key – any of the modifier keys (Keys.ALT, Keys.SHIFT, or Keys.CONTROL)
keyUp(modifier _key)
Parameters:
modifier_key – any of the modifier keys (Keys.ALT, Keys.SHIFT, or Keys.CONTROL)
moveByOffset(x-offset, y-offset)
Parameters:
x-offset- horizontal offset. A negative value means moving the mouse left.
y-offset- vertical offset. A negative value means moving the mouse down.
moveToElement(toElement)
Parameters:
toElement- element to move to.
release() Releases the depressed left mouse button at the current mouse location
sendKeys(onElement, charsequence)
Parameters:
onElement – element that will receive the keystrokes, usually a text field
charsequence – any string value representing the sequence of keystrokes to be sent
In the following example, we shall use the moveToElement() method to mouse-over on one Mercury Tours’ table rows. See the example below.
Step 1: Import the Actions and Action classes.
Step 2: Instantiate a new Actions object.
Step 3: Instantiate an Action using the Actions object in step 2.
In this case, we are going to use the moveToElement() method because we are simply going to mouse-over the “Home” link. The build() method is always the final method used so that all the listed actions will be compiled into a single step.
Step 4: Use the perform() method when executing the Action object we designed in Step 3.
package newproject; import org.openqa.selenium.*; import org.openqa.selenium.firefox.FirefoxDriver; import org.openqa.selenium.interactions.Action; import org.openqa.selenium.interactions.Actions; public class PG7 { public static void main(String[] args) { System.setProperty("webdriver.gecko.driver","C:\geckodriver.exe"); WebDriver driver = new FirefoxDriver(); driver.get(baseUrl); WebElement link_Home = driver.findElement(By.linkText("Home")); WebElement td_Home = driver .findElement(By .xpath("//html/body/div" + "/table/tbody/tr/td" + "/table/tbody/tr/td" + "/table/tbody/tr/td" + "/table/tbody/tr")); Actions builder = new Actions(driver); Action mouseOverHome = builder .moveToElement(link_Home) .build(); String bgColor = td_Home.getCssValue("background-color"); System.out.println("Before hover: " + bgColor); mouseOverHome.perform(); bgColor = td_Home.getCssValue("background-color"); System.out.println("After hover: " + bgColor); driver.close(); } }The output below clearly states that the background color became transparent after the mouse-over.
Building a Series of Multiple ActionsYou can build a series of actions using the Action and Actions classes. Just remember to close the series with the build() method. Consider the sample code below.
public static void main(String[] args) { WebDriver driver = new FirefoxDriver(); driver.get(baseUrl); WebElement txtUsername = driver.findElement(By.id("email")); Actions builder = new Actions(driver); Action seriesOfActions = builder .moveToElement(txtUsername) .keyDown(txtUsername, Keys.SHIFT) .sendKeys(txtUsername, "hello") .keyUp(txtUsername, Keys.SHIFT) .build(); seriesOfActions.perform() ; } Summary
Handling special keyboard and mouse events are done using the AdvancedUserInteractions API.
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